Use two sight angles from one observation point
Tree height can be estimated from a horizontal distance and angles to the top and base. Keeping both angles signed allows the base to lie above or below the observer’s horizontal reference. Distance must be horizontal, not the length along a sloping ground surface.
Measure and calculate
- Measure horizontal distance to the tree’s vertical reference line.
- From the same observation point, measure signed angles to the top and base.
- Enter degrees between −90° and 90° and inspect whether the geometry matches the tree being measured.
Height = horizontal distance × (tangent(top angle) − tangent(base angle)).
A worked example
- Inputs
- The observation distance is 30 ft, the top angle is 45° and the base angle is −5°.
- Calculation
30 × (tan(45°) − tan(−5°)) = 32.6247 ft.- Result
- 32.62 ft
The displayed height is 32.62 ft. A leaning trunk, unclear top or imprecise distance can limit the estimate; the formula assumes the sighted top and base share the intended vertical reference.
Read the result
| Output or check | What it means for your project |
|---|---|
| Estimated vertical height: ft | The result is the difference between two elevations derived from signed sight angles at one observation point. |
| Measurement geometry | Use horizontal distance to the intended vertical reference. Do not add eye height again; unclear top position or a leaning tree can invalidate the simple geometry. |
Common questions
Why is the base angle negative?
A base below your horizontal sight line is entered as a negative angle. Subtracting its negative tangent adds the height below that line.
Should I add eye height separately?
Not when both top and base angles are measured from the same observation point in this model. The angle difference already accounts for their vertical separation.
